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Stomach acid helps reduce the survival of swallowed bacteria. It is one part of digestive defense, with limits that matter as much as the mechanism.

Your stomach uses mucus, bicarbonate, tightly joined surface cells, blood flow, and continual renewal to keep useful digestive acid away from its o...

Imagine a sophisticated, 30-foot-long processing plant that operates 24/7 without you ever having to clock in. That is your Gastrointestinal (GI) T...

Inflammation is part of the body’s response to injury or infection. It can contribute to healing, but a response that persists or affects healthy t...

What is the Nrf2 Protein?NRF2 appears often in discussions of cellular stress and antioxidant biology. What does this protein do, and what can rese...